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Inoue Kaoru
, GCMG was a member of the Meiji oligarchy during the Meiji period Empire of Japan. As one of the senior statesman in Japan during that period, he had a tremendous influence on the selection of the nation's leaders and formation of its policies.
==Early years==
Born Yakichi (勇吉) to a lower-ranked ''samurai'' family in Yuda, Chōshū Domain (present day Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi Prefecture), Inoue attended the ''Meirinkan'' Domain school with his brother Ikutarō (幾太郎). He was a close boyhood friend of Itō Hirobumi who later became Japan's first prime minister, and he played an active part in the ''sonnō jōi'' movement. In 1858, he studied ''rangaku'', artillery and swordsmanship in Edo.
In the Bakumatsu period, Inoue emerged as a leader of the antiforeigner movement in his native Chōshū. Desiring to rid Japan of foreigners, he and Takasugi Shinsaku set fire to the British legation in Edo in January 1863.
Recognizing Japan's need to learn from the western powers, Inoue joined the Chōshū Five and was smuggled out of Japan to study at University College, London in England in 1863. When he returned with Itō Hirobumi, he unsuccessfully tried to prevent war (the Battle of Shimonoseki) between the Chōshū and the western naval powers over the closing of the Straits of Shimonoseki to foreign shipping. Later, he fought against the forces of the Tokugawa shogunate in the 1864 First Chōshū expedition, during which he was severely wounded. He later played a key role in the formation of the Satchō Alliance against the Tokugawa shogunate.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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